{"id":54164,"date":"2024-04-24T15:42:18","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T12:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d1%8b-asme-%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%82%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%be%d1%81%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b2%d1%8b%d1%81%d0%be%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be-%d0%b4\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T13:44:05","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T10:44:05","slug":"%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d1%8b-asme-%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%82%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%be%d1%81%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b2%d1%8b%d1%81%d0%be%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be-%d0%b4","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d1%8b-asme-%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%82%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%be%d1%81%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b2%d1%8b%d1%81%d0%be%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be-%d0%b4\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b ASME \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (BPVC)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 ASME \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (BPVC)<\/strong> \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0438. <\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id54164_4317a9-c3 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id54164_4317a9-c3 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id54164_4317a9-c3 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id54164_4317a9-c3 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id54164_4317a9-c3 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id54164_4317a9-c3 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id54164_4317a9-c3 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column54164_a2cab0-64\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns54164_5d108b-51{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;}.kt-btns54164_5d108b-51 .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}.kt-btns54164_5d108b-51 .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns54164_5d108b-51 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{color:#555555;border-color:#555555;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns54164_5d108b-51 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns54164_5d108b-51 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{color:#ffffff;border-color:#444444;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns54164_5d108b-51 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns54164_5d108b-51 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns54164_5d108b-51 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{background:#444444;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns54164_5d108b-51\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn54164_bb18a7-f9.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn54164_bb18a7-f9.kb-button{background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,\"Helvetica Neue\",sans-serif, \"Apple Color Emoji\", \"Segoe UI Emoji\", \"Segoe UI Symbol\";border-top-left-radius:8px;border-top-right-radius:8px;border-bottom-right-radius:8px;border-bottom-left-radius:8px;padding-top:14px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:30px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn54164_bb18a7-f9.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn54164_bb18a7-f9.kb-button:focus{background:var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn54164_bb18a7-f9 kt-btn-size-small kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill  kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-true  wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d1%81%d0%b2%d1%8f%d0%b6%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%8c-%d1%81\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">\u0417\u0410\u041f\u0420\u0410\u0428\u0418\u0412\u0410\u0415\u041c\u042b\u0419 \u0414\u041e\u041a\u0423\u041c\u0415\u041d\u0422<\/span><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_arrowRightCircle kt-btn-icon-side-right\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><polyline points=\"12 16 16 12 12 8\"\/><line x1=\"8\" y1=\"12\" x2=\"16\" y2=\"12\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ASME BPVC<\/strong> \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 14 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432, 30 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0438 16 000 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0443\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430 ASME BPVC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b ASME BPVC?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b <strong>ASME BPVC<\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-medium-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0418\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443!<\/p>\n<cite><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c.<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 ASME BPVC?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432-\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 ( <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Society_of_Mechanical_Engineers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ASME<\/a> ) \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f ( <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ASME_Boiler_and_Pressure_Vessel_Code\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">BPVC<\/a> )<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b ASME BPVC?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 <strong>\u041a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 ASME \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c (BPVC)<\/strong> \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Pressure_vessels\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c<\/a> , \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435 &#8211; \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432\/\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b &#8211; \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 Online Standard?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0444\u0438\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u21161 \u0434\u043b\u044f <strong>ASME BPVC<\/strong> \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435, \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435 PDF \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0439.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u2013 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0443 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044c\u044e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, Online Standard \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0443.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u2013 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f <strong>\u043a BPVC<\/strong> \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0432 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0441\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u042d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e 50% \u2014 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e <strong>BPVC<\/strong> Advantage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 <strong>ASME<\/strong> , \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0411\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0438\u043d\u044b \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0412\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u044c?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Online Standard<\/strong>&#8211; \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u043a \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c, \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d1%81%d0%b2%d1%8f%d0%b6%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%8c-%d1%81\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a<\/a> \u043d\u0430\u043c, \u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%b4%d1%83%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d1%83%d1%81%d0%bb%d1%83%d0%b3%d0%b0-%d0%bf%d0%be-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d1%83%d1%81%d0%bb%d1%83%d0%b3%d0%b0-%d0%bf%d0%be-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/a> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b9%d0%bd-%d1%80%d0%b5%d1%88%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f-%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%82%d1%8b-%d1%81-%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%83%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%b0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0418\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/a> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0412\u0430\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 500 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0441 <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%83%d1%82-%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%84%d1%82%d0%b8-api\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">API<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%89%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be-%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%bf%d0%be-%d0%be\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ASHRAE<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%89%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be-%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%85\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ASME<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b5-%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d1%8b-%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8-astm\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ASTM<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%83%d1%82-%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2-bsi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">BSI<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d1%8d%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%85%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%be\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">IEC<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%8b-%d0%bf%d0%be-%d1%8d%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%85%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b5-%d0%b8-%d1%8d%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">IEEE<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com.tr\/iso\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ISO<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b9-%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82-sae\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SAE<\/a> \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0441\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f? \u041a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 ASME \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (BPVC) \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0438&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54164","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-76"],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":76,"label":"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"Online Standart","author_link":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/author\/online-standart\/"},"comment_info":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/54164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/54164\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinestandart.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}