SAE J3200_202210

This SAE Information Report details the important new performance properties and suggested test methods for lubricants used in e-Mobility drivetrain components. The lubricants under discussion are those used in electrified drivetrains, mainly electric-transmissions and axles (e-transmissions and e-axles). The scope is limited to those geared systems in which an electric motor (e-motor) is immersed in the powertrain lubricant or comes in contact with the powertrain lubricant. Though the report focuses on new lubricant attributes, some information on conventional lubricant attributes is included. The information presented here will be helpful in understanding the similarities and differences between conventional (i.e., internal combustion engine (ICE)) and e-Mobility powertrain systems. Automotive manufacturers are turning to electrification to meet new regulatory requirements and consumer expectations to reduce greenhouse gases, in particular carbon dioxide. Electric-Mobility (e-Mobility) is becoming a larger and more prominent part of the transportation industry and by 2030 the majority of light vehicles will include some form of electrification. E-Mobility encompasses powertrain technologies that include hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), battery electric vehicles (BEV), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). In many of these powertrains, the lubricant is in contact with the electric motor (e-motor), and this architecture is anticipated to continue. While the first e-Mobility vehicles were designed around current lubricants, these technologies are evolving rapidly, and newer designs require new lubricant performance attributes. This information report provides lubricant guidance for electrical and mechanical component designers, component and/or vehicle manufacturers, and users of e-Mobility powertrains. The information will also be useful for lubricant formulators, fluid manufacturers, and marketers who supply fluid for e-Mobility drivetrain components. This area is evolving rapidly, and this report will be revised accordingly.